There are ethics in photojournalism such that photos should not be manipulated. Unfortunately they do not cover the simple manipulation of turning the camera away from or toward something.

Louis Daguerre announced the invention of photography before the French Academy of Science on January 9th 1839. The photo below of the Boulevard du Temple was taken previously by Daguerre and shown as an example of the process. Notice the man standing with his leg up having his shoe shinned. He and the person shining his shoe are in the photo. The dozens of other pedestrians, carriages and horses that were there at the time are not in the photo. There's all kinds of ways to manipulate a photo. In this which can arguably be offered as the first official photograph do we say it's manipulated because dozens of people and even horses have been taken out?

From this photo on photographs have been manipulated in so many ways it would take a book to document.

What does "altered" apply to in a photo? Adding/removing things? What things? I just posted a photo this morning of new apples on the tree in my garden: https://www.uglyhedgehog.com/t-699353-1.html#12291536 I posted it below. When I take closeups I often trip the shutter using the self-timer. I swear in that photo between my activating the timer and the shutter release a small insect landed on the top apple. I removed it. Altered? I also removed some of the more unsightly spots. Oh and I flipped the photo horizontally because the composition works better that way. So is my photo altered? I applied a pretty strong vignette to the photo -- is that altering it? Even after the vignette that top leaf was just too bright so I burned it down -- is that altering the photo?

Good luck drawing the line.

Don’t know how else to explain my question.
On my Lightroom Classic, the top tier lists: File, Library, Photo, Metadata, View, Window, Help
My next tier lists: Library, Develop, Map, Book,

In my new 2021 Lightroom: The first and only tier: File, Edit, Photo, View, Help
I certainly like the the tier arrangement in Classic over what I am seeing in 2021 LR.
Is this what the other UHH are finding with their uploads to 2021 Lightroom?
I have uninstalled the 2021 LR and reinstalled a couple of times but the problems remain as I have stated.
I have attempted to phone Adobe the same questions. I go through a long series of questions to narrow my specific questions about 2021 Lightroom and then I am totally being dropped off the line with my last entry.
Any advice I can receive from Lightroom 2021 users is appreciated.

The shutter count is not reset. A 'refurbished' camera is not a 'repaired' camera. Why invest more money into a camera with any sort of problem, especially a shutter that costs the public $300 or higher to replace, to then sell that now more expensive body at a discount to a new camera? Refurbished is a fancy word for putting a lightly used (all but brand new) body into new packaging and selling as-is.

Ideally, a camera or lens comes back essentially brand-new from someone who changed their mind or a vendor who used the equipment for demo or has unsold stock to return. The refurbish company confirms all the parts are there and using new original packaging, if factory refurbished, and placing for sale. Even running through a thorough re-test is not cost effective. It's under warranty if the next customer encounters a problem.

If you think about it, wedding photography is a rip-off from beginning to end.

Folks are spending a large amount of money to 'create' memories' but really, what is left after a few months?

Very little, possibly an image or two on walls that will never be looked at again, a couple of albums that will gather dust until lost during a move.

In a few years the images will be yellow, desuet on some piece of furniture among other equally old and part of a scenery some call home.

Years later the album may be reopened one day by a kid who was snooping around and sees images of a wedding they do not relate to. “Is it you mom? Dad?” Then the album is placed back into a dark corner and forgotten again.

Nostalgia lasts only as long as someone remembers.

When reopened next, it might be when someone cleans out an attic and finds a trace of an event, does not know who is in the pictures, guesses about it for a few moments. The album is placed on a pile, 'keep' if the person wants to look at it again but probably will forget that too. With a little less luck the album ends in an estate sale and those that did not make the cut, the greatest majority, in a literal bin disposed up in a field full of trash... Who wants a cracked, dried up book made of people no one knows?

So thousands of $$$ to fill the dumpster, historical or real...

Those here who speak of the 'ethics' in pricing should stop and think about their 'commodity' offerings and realize that they are ripping up folks who need their revenues toward something more useful than spit in the wind.

Now, yes there is a market so why not profit from folk's gullibility? You must have a photographer because the Jones had one.

At the very least, now, be honest about it when you work, at least in your mind.