Longshadow Loc: Audubon, PA, United States

They who for what?

BebuLamar

Since a gasoline engine is so inefficient, only about 1/3 of the energy is converted to mechanical energy to move the car. 2/3 is wasted as heat and thus in very cold whether it doesn't need to burn any more fuel to heat the car. Even a small engine car it wastes enough heat to heat the car and to be taken out via the radiator.
The electric motor is very efficient so in cold weather it has to draw extra power from the battery to heat the car interior.

maciej

Temperature certainly affects both Lithium ion and lead acid batteries. I don't have good numbers but I have heard that, in the extreme, the capacity could go down to 60%. On my Tesla you can program it to charge and pre-condition the battery for a specified departure time. That would reduce the environmental thermal effects since the energy to warm up the battery would come from the charging circuit. Our temperatures often go to the low 30s at night and occasionally into the teens. I don't see a major capacity reduction. Consumer Report did some testing and indicates the 50 - 60F range is probably the worst.

Harold Stetson Loc: Marquam 97038

First off the electric motors use oil for cooling and that needs to be changed. I have a Mach E motor in my shop now. I don't know how often but it needs to be changed as it picks up the wear particulate produced by the motor just as a gas engine does. If memory serves me they mentioned something like 20thousand miles. Anyway more than a gas engine but it needs oil changes and oil.
Secondly the batteries work off of a chemical reaction not storing electrons. Chemical reactions usually use heat in some way and in the case of a battery the power will drop about 40 percent by 30 degrees F. It gets worse after that but I remember that number as I teach it. Kind of ironic that when the engine is cold and turns over harder the battery is less efficient. The that's that damn Murphy again.
Gas engines do use more gas in cold weather as nothing is free. Use more energy you are going to use more fuel. Fuel injection has a cold start circuit that enrichens the mixer until the engine warms up and goes into closed loop. Temp varies but heat is part of getting the fuel into vapor form (It won't burn as a liquid it has to be vapor) so if you need X amount of vapor put in more liquid.
How do they make electricity in the midwest? We are mostly hydro power here in the Northwest but what about the midwest? We kill some salmon making ours but its pretty clean for the air.

Harold Stetson Loc: Marquam 97038

One other thing about efficiency and that is it varies with requirements. Turbines are horribly inefficient but love to keep running without sudden stopages and they produce a lot of power per pound and they can make a lot. Perfect for big airplanes. A gas engine is pretty efficient for a lighter car to keep weight and wind drag down and can be very efficient in a brake specific comparison.

rlv567 Loc: Baguio City, Philippines

Better keep several in the trunk; are they sized by gallons or by KW???

Loren - in Beautiful Baguio City

rlv567 Loc: Baguio City, Philippines

How long does a charge take???

Loren - in Beautiful Baguio City

dpullum Loc: Tampa Florida

Wow, the world on negative ICE people... I am sure the same comments were made in 1900 shouting the foreverness of horse and buggies. Bob Dylan would sing to you ... time they are a changin

[ICE... Internal Combustion Engines]

cdayton

I don’t believe digital cameras will ever replace real cameras that use film - they just don’t have the same quality.

Red6

I understand that the Toyota Prius is a hybrid but when it first came out everyone was saying that the batteries would need replacement within 5-7 years. However, after several years of service, they found they were lasting much longer. I have talked with Prius owners that have driven well over 200,000 miles over a 10-12 year time and they are still going on the original battery. Toyota has also kept the cost of battery replacement reasonable.

I think the hybrids are the way to go for the next decade or at least until the electric infrastructure and battery designs are more advanced. California may be fine for all electric but here in the south, charging stations are not that easy to find. Tesla has made inroads but other charging stations for other makers are few. During my travels around I look for charging stations and few hotels or restaurants have them along the interstates.

Woodworm65 Loc: Lombard, IL

Lithium also comes from China, do we want to support either of these countries.

jerryc41 Loc: Catskill Mts of NY

Generally speaking, batteries like being 20% - 80%. No lower and no higher.

jerryc41 Loc: Catskill Mts of NY

Australia supplies the most lithium, and the price is skyrocketing. Unfortunately, China has acquired the rights to lithium in other countries.

"The three largest producers of lithium are Australia, Chile and China.
The demand for lithium is expected to reach 1.5 million tonnes of lithium carbonate equivalent by 2025 and over 3 million tonnes by 2030."

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/chart-countries-produce-lithium-world/#:~:text=The%20three%20largest%20producers%20of,3%20million%20tonnes%20by%202030.

Walkabout08

Model Y battery is approximately 77kW, so 70% is about 54 kW. Depending on the cost of electricity in your market the cost varies accordingly. National average is currently about $0.15/kW. So the answer to your question is $8.10, on average.

Walkabout08

Sealed bearings on EV motors, there are no oil changes or other lubrication required, ever. Who really needs wild salmon anyway.