Nancysc wrote:
I first noticed the use of "image" about ten years ago at a photography workshop. Now I hear it all the time in YouTube videos about photography. Is there a reason for this usage?
Nancy, this is a philosophical question (my field). It is also an academic question about the meaning of a word. Most words have synonyms, but they are not exactly the same in meaning--they overlap in meaning. To sort them out we look at two things--first, the historical evolution of the word (which is what the Oxford Dictionary of the English Language does (a gigantic collection of volumes for libraries and universities); and second, the current usage in published work (which is what most American dictionaries do), and this can be sorted by the use of scholars or serious writers, versus the more common uses by normal people.
"Photograph" was invented when cameras were invented, from the Greek for "light" and "writing." They wanted a new word for a new thing. The picture was created by light itself on film, not by the artist in the same sense or process of drawing or painting a picture. "Picture," is a word for drawings, paintings, photographs, and mental ideas (we picture something in our minds). I would say "image" refers to what a picture shows us, and it can be interpreted by the artist--"my image of Half Dome in Yellowstone Park," can be different from your image of the same mountain, and the word can refer to my photo, my drawing, my painting--or it can refer to my conception of that object (the image I had in mind when I created the picture).
When artists and critics refer to "image," they probably mean the physical representation that is presented to us--the thing that is called an artwork, and the thing that can be bought and sold. That may be a slight misuse of the more scholarly use. Plato started all this with his theory of ideas, and now we have 2000 years of footnotes to Plato. Plato's myth of the Cave asked us to imagine a cave where people are chained to their chairs facing a wall, and all they can ever see is images projected on that wall by puppeteers--people who hold up objects in front of a light, which then makes shadows for the prisoners to see on the wall. "We are like them," Plato says, with a sort of grim foreboding, because we are prone to accept the view of reality that we see, and that can be deceptive when deceivers are at work (which is often). Indeed, the deceivers of the world count on this gullibility. If we sit in front of a computer (or TV) all day thinking that is the real world, we are like them.
Sorting out the most exact and precise meaning of our words is a major job of all scholarly work, and to some degree it is important in everyday life, whenever we want to be understood with any degree of precision. Often the choice of words misleads people entirely, because several words always have several meanings--overlapping, but not exactly the same.
In this case, we usually know what people mean when they refer to the images that start in a camera, and I suspect that people who prefer this word (rather than photograph) want to imply that what we see is an artist's creation that began on the occasion of using a camera, but was meant to be created and developed (we used to develop film) according to the ideas of the artist. In everyday use, any of the words for pictures that start with a camera can be understood. Today many people make graphic art by starting with a camera (a photographic process), but they manipulate it so radically that the finished product is not just a photo at all.