Yankeepapa6 wrote:
At the time of the attack and for a few years before Germany had conquered all of Europe and had the UK on the ropes.We were violating the Neutrality Act by sending convoys to England while they were at war with Germany. Churchill wanted the US to enter the war. That was not the sentiment in the country at that time. Ready for this??? The US knew of the impending attack on Pearl Harbor. The only way to help the UK was to allow it to happen and not engage them before the attack. All of the carriers were at sea when the Japanese attacked Pearl. The carrier was the least expendable of all the naval ships. There was the aircraft, the trained crews, and the pilots. Almost immediately the American war effort was put into action and sent to England. Not to support the American Armed Forces in the Pacific. It took about a year before we started the Pacific Campain.
At the time of the attack and for a few years befo... (
show quote)
Churchill did want the U.S. in the war, but America, despite FDR's desires, was dead set against a European war. Organizations such as "America First" were railed at as being sympathetic to the Nazi's. Nothing was further from the truth. They were simply against an unnecessary war in Europe. Even John F. Kennedy belonged, and he could hardly be called pro-German.
It was widely known in official channels that the Japanese were going to move in probably two of three directions. The Japanese could have moved against Siberia, since they already held Manchuria. They also had Southeast Asia in their sights for the rubber goods and oil of the area. They also wanted to invade Australia, keeping the U.S. out of the war and using Australia as a base of operations. The Japanese may well have invaded Siberia had the German army been able to seize Moscow before November, which was the original Wehrmacht timetable. The Japanese could execute two invasion plans, but not three.
As to the knowledge by U.S. officials of a Japanese invasion of Pearl Harbor. It has been categorically proven that Roosevelt did not know of the Japanese plans for an attack on Pearl Harbor. The War Plans department speculated on an attack at Hawaii, but they also speculated on attacks at a number of U.S. and foreign holdings in the Pacific. The Pacific Fleet was moved from San Diego, to Pearl Harbor as a means of being able to sortie them more quickly, if war broke out between the U.S and Japan. Another fact is that the Pacific Fleet had no inkling that Wake and Guam would be invaded. Otherwise why deliver American fighters to those islands? The U.S. had broken the Japanese diplomatic code, but the Pacific Fleet was denied its decoded transcripts, as it was doctrine at the time that diplomatic communications remain in the domain of the U.S. Department of State. There's also been made a great deal of noise about the Japanese "Bomb Plot" messages. These were the positions in Pearl Harbor of the U.S. Fleet, base on the observations of Japanese spies who communicated through the Japanese embassy in Hawaii. They were sent to the Japanese General Staff for use. The messages were sent using the J-19 code (broken by the State Department), but the Pacific Fleet never saw them since these were diplomatic messages.
The Japanese NEVER intended to invade anywhere east of Guadalcanal. They knew that the U.S. could not support the Australians if they lacked bases in the Philippines or the New Guinea Archipelago. The purpose of the Pearl Harbor attack was always to get the U.S. to negotiate for peace at the point of the katana, and keep Admiral Kimmel's battleships and carriers away from the Japanese fleet in Southeast Asia.
Hitler, while he occupied France, Belgium, The Netherlands, etc., had no intentions of fighting on a western front when he had his hands full with the USSR. His actions in the Atlantic and protestations against U.S aid to Great Britain were done to warn the U.S. against an attack on western Europe. When Pearl Harbor was attacked he actually did not declare war on the U.S. immediately. He had treaty obligations with the Italians and Japanese, and was pledged to join forces if attacked by anyone. When the U.S. declared war on December 8th, the U.S. was actually rash in our declaration. Since neither Germany nor Japan was able to mutually defend the other, the U.S. could have concentrated more resources against Japan earlier.
The late Admiral Edwin T. Layton was probably the foremost expert on Japanese intelligence, and he wrote a number of books on the subject.