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How to obtain sharp images in digital photography
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Jun 8, 2020 06:48:28   #
Notorious T.O.D. Loc: Harrisburg, North Carolina
 
Good information for sure. I might add to shoot at a higher shutter speed than you think you might need especially when shooting long focal length and or fast moving subjects.

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Jun 8, 2020 06:54:25   #
kymarto Loc: Portland OR and Milan Italy
 
Simple answer: use Topaz Sharpen AI. It is amazing. I also use Piccure Plus, which unfortunately is no longer being sold, and which even beats Topaz in a number of significant ways. Of course you have to be in the ballpark, but these deconvolution plug-ins can make a huge difference in sharpness and detail recovery. I'll try to post examples later.

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Jun 8, 2020 06:56:36   #
melismus Loc: Chesapeake Bay Country
 
The word is peaking, not peeking.

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Jun 8, 2020 07:24:02   #
Revet Loc: Fairview Park, Ohio
 
Excellent review!!! Thanks for posting.

I have heard what you said many times about using VR 100% of the time unless using fast shutter speeds or on a tripod. Where would I look for this info for each lens???

Thus far I only found a list of Nikon lenses that use tripod mode for VR. I normally just shut it off when using a tripod but always forget when using fast shutter speeds.

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Jun 8, 2020 07:25:43   #
jeffhacker Loc: Dallas, Texas
 
I agree with everybody else, I think. This post is fantastic! I just upgraded to a Nikon Z6 (my first full frame) and am going to practice everything you’re recommending. Thanks!!

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Jun 8, 2020 07:37:12   #
Delta49 Loc: Central Indiana
 
Some exceptionally great advise Paul, thank you. I will put your suggestions to work in my photography, you always have been a great help. Thanks again

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Jun 8, 2020 07:37:15   #
billnikon Loc: Pennsylvania/Ohio/Florida/Maui/Oregon/Vermont
 
CHG_CANON wrote:
When you look at the 1:1 pixels, are you disappointed by lack of sharp details? If yes, what are you doing about it? Most every day here at UHH, some aspect of the solution is presented. I've had success with the following tips:

1. Place a single AF point (or group / zone) specifically over the subject of the image. Do not focus someplace else in the frame and expect the exact subject to be in focus by repositioning the camera after focusing someplace else in the frame.

2. Use the camera's AI Servo (Canon) / Continuous-servo AF (Nikon) focus setting always, without regard to whether the subject is moving or stationary. See BBF (Back Button Focus) below.

3. Shoot in short bursts of 2- to 5-images.

Some commentary before continuing. Idea 1 rejects focus and recompose via the center AF point. Idea 2 leverages the advanced capabilities of your advanced camera body and the system's electronic auto focus. Idea 3 is clearly spray and pray to most. If you care more about old school technique over new school results, fine. It's your camera producing your results.

Now for the rest of us, consider these additional ideas for sharply focused images:

4. Investigate the sharpest apertures for each of your lenses.

5. Keep IS / VR active 100% on your lenses, except if / when this technology is known to be an issue with your specific lens model.

6. Hold your camera properly and / or shoot from a tripod.

7. Configure your camera for Back Button Focus (BBF) to enhance the idea #2 for using AI Servo / Continuous-servo configuration.

8. When you can, shoot at your camera's base ISO, or at the lowest ISO possible for the situation.

Each example image, below provided as attached files in the replies below, shows the original crop from the camera, with a 1:1 crop of the details. The images all follow / demonstrate most (or all) 8 of the ideas above.

Regarding Spray and Pray

You might ask, "what do I need 5 images for?" You're right, you don't. You need only 1 sharp image, pick that 1 and delete the rest: they're digital, they're free except for the time needed to consider the individuals within the group and discard those unneeded.

Remember, we measure the results in photography, not the effort. So, if you go 0 for 1 in sharp focus, you are what your records says you are. When you present only your sharply focused images, it doesn't matter if these results are 1 for 10, 3 in 100, etc. Your record is undefeated at 1 for 1 or 3 for 3, and so forth. We all know: 1 is better than none when it comes to sharply focus images.

Investigate the sharpest apertures for each of your lenses

If you've read any lens reviews, you've probably seen some form of "sharpness improves in the corners at f/x". Different lenses and different reviewers have slightly different forms of this comment. Some lenses need to be stepped down just 1-stop. Some lenses are as sharp wide open as any smaller aperture. Many zoom lenses are significantly different at different apertures across the entire zoom range.

If you go through a testing exercise 'looking at the corners', the technique I want to mention is shooting your subject at a 45-degree angle. The example below takes a crop of the corner of an earlier image to show the difference as compared to where the lens was specifically focused. As a manual focus lens, the digital Sony didn't receive the aperture value from the lens. The lens was probably f/5.6, maybe f/8. The lens was not set to f/11 that is likely to produce 'sharp in the corners' result. The composition wasn't intended for 'sharp in the corners'. Rather, this composition was a more natural view where the image is sharp where your eyes are meant to fall in the frame and a natural softening away from that sharp point of interest.

As you test / consider your own equipment, consider this 45-degree framing to give yourself details in the corners of the image to consider, whether testing with building or landscapes. Your 'kit lens' is likely everywhere as sharp as any of the examples presented in the replies in this thread, your lens just has to be shot at an aperture that best demonstrates that sharpness. Use a tripod (or handheld with the VR / IS active) and create a series of test images to confirm which aperture(s) to use. View those images at the 100% zoom on your computer. Look at the details and make notes. Then, investigate and utilize the 7 other ideas presented above.

Regarding Back Button Focus (BBF)

For the BBF, you have to reprogram a button on the camera. On more advanced models, almost every button on the camera body can be set to something else via the camera's menu options. For the entry-level models, such as the EOS Rebel line, the options to change the functionality of the external buttons are limited to “custom functions”. Consult your camera model or u-tube for your specific model for the reconfiguration / customization process. If you have the focus ‘beep’ active on your camera, you’ll likely need to disable this feature.

After configuring your camera for BBF, you'll grab the camera and use your thumb to enable focus by pressing and holding the a button on the back the camera with AI Servo. You release the shutter with your index finder as normal.

This is BBF. You begin to use your camera as follows:

a. Grab camera.
b. As you raise the camera your eye, enable focusing with your thumb pressing the BBF button.
c. Frame / zoom and release the shutter with your index finger. Keep pressing the BBF button the entire time.
d. Release your thumb when you lower the camera from your eye.

Keep in mind your eyes operate in continuous (AI Servo) focus, whether you're following a moving subject or look at a static subject. You're updating your camera to operate in the same manner so where the AF point / zone is positioned, the camera is continuously focusing there.

No one needs to update to BBF. The key point is updating the camera to the 'continuous' focus mode, whether you use your thumb or index finger to focus.

Will these techniques rundown my battery?

In a word: No

Your camera, specifically the DSRL, and camera battery are optimized for shooting. The main drain on your camera's battery beyond the basic operation of capturing and storing images is the display playback and / or shooting in live view. Running the AF and IS has no material difference on battery life. Chimping your images, culling in the field and / or shooting in Live View is what burns your battery life.
When you look at the 1:1 pixels, are you disappoin... (show quote)


Your point 7 is not necessary for sharp images. I use that back button for single spot focusing for when my bird is in the bush and I can put that one single spot on just the bird and the branches do not interfere.
I use GROUP AUTO FOCUS for my moving shot, a single spot focus point is no good for birds in flight.
Your points are good ones but they are not the only things that can lead to a sharp images.
For Sony I use TRACKING EXPAND FLEXIBLE SPOT focusing almost exclusively for moving birds.
My keep rate and sharp imaging is almost 100% using the regular shutter button found on all digital camera's.
Nice post otherwise.

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Jun 8, 2020 07:43:06   #
randave2001 Loc: Richmond
 
Outstanding article Paul. I am certain many will benefit from this information.

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Jun 8, 2020 07:57:31   #
camerapapi Loc: Miami, Fl.
 
I can see your efforts Paul to enlighten others on using the camera for sharp images. I guess the majority of us know that the camera can only focus on one place and wherever the focus was achieved that will be the sharpest part of the image. Depth of field is what makes the perception that other parts of the photograph are in focus.

In my case I use the BBF but not continues focus. Depending on the subject I use my depth of field and a good example is a landscape. I tend to focus and recompose and I am very satisfied with my results. No continues shooting for me, usually a single shot will do if I was careful enough to get my main subject well focused. VR is on most of the time except when working from a tripod or when the shutter speed is high enough handholding the camera.

This is what I do not meaning it is the correct way to get subjects well focused but it has worked for me. Yours is a very interesting article and I am sure it will benefit others to achieve sharp images with digital.

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Jun 8, 2020 08:04:26   #
zudac1ae Loc: Amesbury, MA
 
I must say that you are one of the big reasons I keep reading this. I especially look for you answers/comments. I know it will be correct. Yes ther are a lot of others who respond with good answers, but i depend on yours, and I shoot with a Nikon. Again thank for all you give, and stay safe.

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Jun 8, 2020 08:07:28   #
srscary Loc: Cary, NC
 
Thank you for a very helpful post.

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Jun 8, 2020 08:23:18   #
Jim D Loc: Lehigh Valley , Pa.
 
Very well done. What a awesome post. So much real information. Best of all N0 Sarcasm.
Thank you for sharing ,
Jim D.

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Jun 8, 2020 08:27:48   #
Jim Bianco
 
Great info, but when I use BBF I hold down the button on back of camera focus compose and shoot on a moving subject I hold the button down then press the shutter. I have a D7100 and it seems to work fine. Is this correct? Thanks Jim Bianco

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Jun 8, 2020 08:38:48   #
Nalu Loc: Southern Arizona
 
As usual, great effort here and thanks for taking the time to put this all together. Are you an educator by heart, or also by profession. Almost all you have provided here is great advise, however I will take issue with one suggestion, BBF. As you know, I do mostly birds, so my comments could be biased. What I found with my Canon gear when using BBF, many times in DPP4, there was no indicator where the active af point was when the shot was taken and in many cases the image was not accurately in focus; sometimes in focus, but many times not. I kept asking myself, why no active AF point? I finally figured it out, in the flurry of action for flight, somehow the pressure on the back button was not sufficient to keep the autofocus working, hence no active af going on. Of coarse this is operator error, my fault, not the camera. But I concluded, for me, when using BBF, I have two variables going on, the shutter release, and the BBF. My move, cut out the number of variables. I have not used BBF since, but now program buttons on the back of the camera to use different AF modes.

Again, thanks for your efforts, appreciated.

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Jun 8, 2020 08:45:53   #
DaveJ Loc: NE Missouri
 
Paul, you just keep outdoing yourself with these informative posts. Wish you had done this a couple years ago, would have saved me a bunch of deleted shots! Many of the tips you grouped into a well written tutorial I have stumbled across the last two years, along with a few I have not. I will be bookmarking this for sure! THANKS!

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