GaryBrand wrote:
...As you know many cameras on the market overpriced and big companies make big bucks!
Overpriced simply means something is
priced higher than the market will bear, thereby making the delivery of that product or service unprofitable and/or unsustainable.
In my experience, price is related to several factors:
> Uniqueness and "drool worthiness" of the product (The Apple iPhone was unique at introduction. People bought it for lots of reasons, but "coolness" was certainly a big one.)
> Scarcity of the product at introduction (Various athletic shoes are deliberately in short supply at introduction, to create mystique and awe and envy, and to provide the illusion of social status to the aspirational wearers.)
> Competitive advantage of the product at introduction (Is it actually *better* than other alternatives at doing something, or does it do *something* that alternative products can't do, that seems necessary?)
> Does the product have significant startup costs to recoup (for design, engineering, tooling, and advertising)? These costs are usually front-loaded into the price because demand is (hopefully!) high enough to support a high price.
So... early adopters of new products typically pay the highest prices. In the camera market, this usually lasts for about 12-24 months, depending on demand.
Once a product has satisfied initial demand, and/or the startup costs are covered, it may be time for a company to gradually reduce the price of a product to sustain and boost demand.
The desire is to reach an equilibrium between price, quantity sold, marginal cost of producing another unit, long run average cost, and long run marginal cost. In other words, a company will try to sell as many of a product that is still in relatively high demand as will keep the production lines humming, without creating the need for NEW investment in equipment and other production necessities, and without building excess inventory.
Of course, they must also make a profit for investors. Without profit, there is ZERO incentive to make something. So the price may drop until it no longer supports profitable production and sale.
In the camera market, this period of sustained production and sale may last from 12 to 24 months before a successor is released. A product may be produced much longer if it has classic or cult or niche status (The Lumix GH4 I use has been sold for five years. In the digital world, that's a bit of a classic niche player! The price has dropped several times in the USA, from $1700 to $999. New ones are still available here and there, at premium prices.)
As another example, the Nikon F SLR was made from 1959 to 1974, and sold 862,600 units. I'd say Nikon milked it for all it was worth, as the F2 began production in 1971! The F2 sold 816,000 units. The Nikon F3 bodies were produced from March 1980 till October 2000! Over 750,000 were made in the first 12 years of that run.
The point is that
price is relative to demand in the market place. If people still want something, the company will still make it and sell it. An item is NOT overpriced if it can still be manufactured and sold at a profit. It is UNDERPRICED if sold below break-even*, or below the aggregate costs of marketing, production, sales, distribution, return on shareholder investments, etc.
*The "break-even" point includes a fair profit for investors, if the company's management has any sense at all.