Ashford General Hospital
http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/304 Ashford General Hospital
In August 1942 the U.S. Army purchased the Greenbrier Hotel in White Sulphur Springs and 7,000 acres of surrounding countryside from the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway for $3.3 million, and began converting it into a military hospital for sick and wounded soldiers and airmen. Named for Army physician Col. Bailey K. Ashford (18731934), the new hospital received its first patients in November. Before Ashford General closed in mid-1946, more than 25,000 seriously ill and wounded patientsincluding many from West Virginiahad received treatment.
Ashford employed 45 doctors, 100 nurses, and 500 enlisted men. Assisting them were 200 WACs, 35 civilian nurses, some 500 civilian employees, and scores of Red Cross volunteers. Seven hundred German prisoners of war maintained the grounds and buildings. Families, friends, and good-hearted people from throughout West Virginia came to visit and help the men toward a speedy recovery. The recovering servicemen could use all of the famous resorts special facilities swimming pool, golf courses, tennis courts, hiking and biking trails, and so onand monthly dances with live entertainment were held. Today, few of The Greenbriers visitors know of the vital role it played during World War II, but those who were there have vivid recollections of Ashford General Hospital as a Shangri-la for wounded servicemen.
This Article was written by Louis E. Keefer
Last Revised on December 10, 2010
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http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/819 Camp Ashford
Built in 1943 by the U.S. War Department, Camp Ashford at White Sulphur Springs was one of two camps in West Virginia that housed prisoners of war during World War II. Camp Ashford prisoners worked on local farms and at nearby Ashford General Hospital, a 2,000-bed facility operated by the U.S. Army in what previously had been the Greenbrier hotel. The camp and hospital were named for Col. Bailey K. Ashford, an army doctor.
The 165-acre POW camp could accommodate up to 1,000 prisoners in former Civilian Conservation Corps buildings located on the property. Italian prisoners occupied the camp first; they were moved on October 23, 1943, when German prisoners arrived. The German prisoners stayed at Camp Ashford until after the wars end.
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http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/919 Italian Prisoners of War
During World War II, more than 45,000 Italian prisoners of war were held in the United States. Two separate groups, totaling some 500 men, spent part of their 194245 captivity in West Virginia. The first and largest contingent arrived in the summer of 1942 to build Camp Ashford, a standard U.S. Army double-barbed wire compound near White Sulphur Springs. While so engaged, many also helped Greenbrier Valley farmers to make hay and harvest the years crops. The Italians moved on in October, replaced by the German POWs who worked at Ashford General Hospital. Ashford General was operated by the military at what was formerly (and later) the Greenbrier resort.
The second and smaller group of some 175 Italian POWs was assigned to Camp Dawson, Preston County, the long-time (and still) home of the West Virginia National Guard. Their main task, under U.S. Army direction, was to build and repair roads. During their stay they became well-known to the many Italian-American families in northern West Virginia, who visited the prisoners on Sundays at Camp Dawson for picnics and entertainment. The Italians were glad to be safely out of the war, and after their repatriation in 1945, many returned to build new lives in America.
This Article was written by Louis E. Keefer
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White Sulphur Springs
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http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/media/10459http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1239http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/exhibits/featured?section=2Battle of White Sulphur Springs
http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1240Mineral Springs
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