You can use any lens you want with a D850, that is certain. But don't use a 28-300, zoom it to 300mm and expect the same results as 300mm F2.8 VR II.
As far as your statement that the Nikon list is comprised of "all new lenses" and "not one older lens" you need to look at the list again, and maybe from a more accurate source:
http://www.nikon-image.com/products/slr/lineup/d850/system_lens.html#a1https://www.dpreview.com/news/5585760175/nikon-releases-official-d850-lens-recommendation-listHere is a list, compiled from
https://www.apotelyt.com/photo-lens/nikkor-af-catalog - and sorted by release date, of the lenses Nikon recommends for the D850. I see lots of old lenses, and of course, all of their newest lenses sharing space on this list.
Of the 32 lenses on the official Nikon list, 23 were introduced on or before 2013, and 14 were introduced on or before 2010. This does not at all agree with your "data" nor does the notion that the newest lenses are, as you put it "way over priced and loaded with bells and whistles instead of great glass and built to last".
The one thing Nikon seems to agree with you on is that the majority of their
older high quality, gold ring lenses will work very well the new camera.
AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 17-35mm f/2.8D IF-ED (1999)
AF NIKKOR 14mm f/2.8D ED (2000)
AF-S VR Micro-NIKKOR 105mm f/2.8G IF-ED (2006)
AF-S NIKKOR 14-24mm f/2.8G ED (2007)
PC-E NIKKOR 24mm f/3.5D ED (2008)
PC-E Micro-NIKKOR 45mm f/2.8D ED (2008)
PC-E Micro-NIKKOR 85mm f/2.8D (2008)
AF-S NIKKOR 300mm f/2.8G ED VR II (2009)
AF-S NIKKOR 24mm f/1.4G ED (2010)
AF-S NIKKOR 35mm f/1.4G (2010)
AF-S NIKKOR 200mm f/2G ED VR II (2010)
AF-S NIKKOR 16-35mm f/4G ED VR (2010)
AF-S NIKKOR 24-120mm f/4G ED VR (2010)
AF-S NIKKOR 200-400mm f/4G ED VR II (2010)
AF-S Nikkor 300mm f/4D IF-ED (2011)
AF-S NIKKOR 28mm f/1.8G (2012)
AF-S NIKKOR 85mm f/1.4G (2012)
AF-S NIKKOR 70-200mm f/4G ED VR (2012)
AF-S NIKKOR 58mm f/1.4G (2013)
AF-S NIKKOR 800mm f/5.6E FL ED VR (2013)
AF-S NIKKOR 80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G ED VR (2013)
AF-S NIKKOR 20mm f/1.8G ED (2014)
AF-S NIKKOR 400mm f/2.8E FL ED VR (2014)
AF-S NIKKOR 24mm f/1.8G ED (2015)
AF-S NIKKOR 300mm f/4E PF ED VR (2015)
AF-S NIKKOR 500mm f/4E FL ED VR (2015)
AF-S NIKKOR 600mm f/4E FL ED VR (2015)
AF-S NIKKOR 16-80mm f/2.8-4E ED VR (2015)
AF-S NIKKOR 24-70mm f/2.8E ED VR (2015)
AF-S NIKKOR 105mm f/1.4E ED (2016)
AF-S NIKKOR 70-200mm f/2.8E FL ED VR (2016)
PC NIKKOR 19mm f/4E ED (2017)
Sorry you feel scammed, but your basis for feeling this way is completely unfounded.
You can use any lens you want with a D850, that is... (