My conclusion - as I mentioned along with two supporting web links on page 6 of this thread - is that post processing is the likely culprit. Not reflections, not gear.
Thinking about the issue further - I'm skeptical that the distortion is gear related. More likely it stems from post processing. That said, without the problem being reproduced by the OP or someone else, it's difficult to know conclusively and we're pretty much left with speculations. One thought, maybe OP can try using a file recovery utility to see if the raw files can be resurrected (presumes that the the hard drive space used by the raw files has not been overwritten by other data).
Looking further into this, I think another possibility would be how adjustments were made in Lightroom and that through an unfortunate mix of settings, the reported artifacts were created as a result. For instance, read through these comments here:
https://feedback.photoshop.com/photoshop_family/topics/moire_when_sharpening_and_profile_correction_used_together
See also:
https://forums.adobe.com/thread/1312516
Consider contacting the manufacturers of camera, lens and filter manufacturer, submit the photos and get their opinions. Then let us know their input, if any.
For my 2 cents longshot guess, i suspect this might be a temperature / settings / firmware sensor (AA filter or other sensor coating) / processor issue - just by chance winning the distortion lottery. Although possible, I put less into the filter hypothesis because the odd overlay is too sharp looking (typically focusing at a good distance away would blur through filter scratches or other glass and reflection oddities).
Since this is a rare not a recurrent issue, likely nothing to be much concerned about. To satisfy curiosity I would suggest, though, revisiting the rink from same shooting spot and trying to reproduce the problem. If it recurs then remove the lens filter. Then adjust other shooting variables one at a time and see what happens (take notes). Then try a different lens. Shoot in jpeg + raw. Keep these files and examine further, submit for review here and other forums.
Into the future, technology-wise, we'll continue to experience continuous change at an ever increasing pace. This impacts all manner of fields (I consult to senior leaders, including in the world of large IT systems where the pace of change is blisteringly fast!). Insofar as photography goes, more and more people will be taking more and more photos. Interchangeable lens cameras will be part of the landscape for the foreseeable future. Such cameras are not for everyone for a host of reasons. The existing market percentage-wise may shrink for interchangeable lens cameras but for sure in the near and medium term, there's nothing to worry about insofar as their availability goes. What will change will be the hardware used (lenses, bodies, artificial lighting) and the software processing of captured images and how data are stored and distributed. Innovation rules - It will only get better and better. Augmented and virtual reality will gradually gain their places in the sun, too. Maybe get concerned if feature length movies from major studios are "filmed" fully by mobile phones as a routine matter!
Similar disruptive change has happened in the audio recording industry as well. It has, indeed, impacted the older business model for recording studios. For the best sound recordings, one typically had to go to a hugely expensive studio with funding from a record company. Nowadays, there's an amazing amount of great gear for home and smaller studios. And, you can still get as much high-end studio gear as your budget can handle. The one difference is that the earlier generations of major recording studios tended to have much better recording spaces, acoustically speaking - hard to record an orchestra in one's living room. I'm familiar with this world having designed and built audio and video studios.
Back to cameras - nowadays, I mostly shoot with Sony gear (A7RII and A6500), and I can use lenses from my Minolta Maxxum days, new FE lenses from Sony, other A-mount lenses, Sigma 24-105 Canon-mount zoom with the Sigma MC-11 adapter, and etc., etc. There's a plethora of camera gear and accessories constantly being released. And often, I use my Samsung Note 5 mobile phone's camera - it works really well in lots of situations, it's another tool in the toolbox.
So... for photography, we're more likely to see availability problems in product manufacturing and delivery chains caused by savage malware/ransomware/cyber attacks than we are from manufacturers leaving the ILC market. (in my opinion)