For anyone not having a serious interest in astronomy, but never the less has a passing interest in the things you see in the night sky, I happened to run across this marvelous "size comparison" chart of commonly seen "solar system" objects, and a few of the largest stars, which are said to be "galactic objects".
In order to think about "size" one must first have a reference point; the reference point commonly used when discussing things in our Solar System is the "AU" or "astronomical unit", which is 93 million miles, (the average distance between the Earth and the Sun ), as the Earth makes it's once a year orbit around our local star.
Applying this to our Solar System, (which seems pretty big to us ), here's what we have, starting with the Sun and working out towards Neptune;
The Sun is 99.8% of the mass of the entire Solar System; The Sun is 1,390,000 km in diameter;
+++++++++++Diameter +++++++++Distance from Sun
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#1. Mercury ***** 4,879 km***36 million miles ****.39 AU
#2. Venus ***12,103 km ******67 million miles ****.72 AU
#3. Earth ***12, 742 km******93 million miles ***1.00 AU
#4. Mars ****6,779 km *****142 million miles ***1.52 AU
#5. Jupiter **139,833 km*****484 million miles *** 5.2 AU
#6. Saturn ** 116,464 km ****886 million miles ****9.5 AU
#7. Uranus ***50, 724 km ****1.8 billion miles ***19.2 AU
#8. Neptune***49,244 km ***2.99 billion miles ***30.2 AU
So far, even if these may seem like very big numbers, they're really not, in terms of our Galaxy; in fact, in terms of the Milky Way Galaxy, our Solar System is a pretty small place! Our "huge" Sun? Let's compare the Sun to some BIG stars;
In Illustration No.1 we see the first four planets from the Sun, but keep in mind, they are in order of size, and NOT distance from the Sun; you can see the distances on the chart above that I typed;
1. Mercury < Mars < Venus < Earth
Moving to illustration No.2, the relative sizes are NOT to scale with those in No.1; No.2 ends with Jupiter, the biggest of all the 8 planets.
2. Earth < Neptune < Uranus < Saturn < Jupiter
3. Jupiter < Wolf 359 < Sun < Sirius
No.3 starts with Jupiter, then moves to a "small" star, then to our Sun (which we thought was "big" ), and ends with Sirius
Anyone who has ever looked at the night sky has seen Sirius many times; it's by far the brightest star in the sky...(but only because it's really "close" ). As you can see, relative to the Sun, Sirius is huge!
No.4. Sirius < Pollux < Arcturus < Aldebaran
No.4 starts with Sirius, moves to Pollux, (one of the "twins" in the constellation Gemini ), and ends with huge Aldebaran;
5. Aldebaran < Rigel < Antares < Betelgeuse
In the winter sky, at 45 deg. elevation looking south, is the easiest constellation of all to identify, the huge "lazy H" of Orion; on the top left corner of Orion is the second brightest star in the sky, and for many years when I was growing up, was thought to be the biggest star in the sky, the magnificent red super-giant, Betelgeuse. We now know that even though Betelgeuse hasn't become any smaller. those last three stars in No.6 are all "bigger"; (quite a bit bigger in fact )
6.Betelgeuse < Mu Cephei < VV Cephei A <VYCanis Majoris
Looking at No. 6 almost makes Betelgeuse look "dinky", (ever though it is the size of our Solar System out to beyond Mars or Jupiter ) (depending on which book you read, and which astronomer is "right". ) I think almost anyone would agree, VY Canis Majoris is "humongous"! At least is "was" until fairly recently; Now we find that "UY Scuti" is even "humongouser"!
Caution; If you are really interested in "the biggest", you'll probably LOVE the link below; however, I must caution you....the farther you get "into" astronomy, the "thicker" it gets! I was reading the other night that a fellow was thinking of painting a huge mural on the side of a big building, representing the scale of the relative sizes of a bunch of really big stars; in his mural-to-be, the Sun was to be the size of a "BB" (app. .25 in. in dia. ) after much calculation, it was determined that UY Scuti needed to be 168 feet in dia. (and wouldn't "fit" on the building! )
http://www.google.com/search?q=uy+scuti+compared+to+vy+canis+majoris&oq=UY+Scuti&aqs=chrome.0.69i59j69i57j0l4.15312j0j4&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=119&ie=UTF-8
For anyone not having a serious interest in astron... (
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