You can be sure of several things. There will be an "investigation" that will take one to two years.

Competent people could complete it in a few days, but that is not how our government works.

The clearing of the wreckage should begin immediately but it won't. It will probably take months to clear at least one shipping channel. Again, remember that the people in charge don't care about the interrupted commerce.

The bridge could be rebuilt quickly. They already have all the engineering data. That won't happen because idiots are in charge. It will probably take years and the Democrats in charge will blame the whole thing on Republicans. If Republicans were in charge, they would blame Democrats. God forbid that they would all understand the importance of working together to just get it done.

Meanwhile, billions of dollars of commerce and inconvenience will be imposed on the thousands of commuters and businesses that rely on the use of the bridge and the port of Baltimore.

I am not a marine engineer (my experience is limited to a plastic canoe) and all I know about this event comes from the internet. I have to believe that the pilot who was in charge was experienced (you don't get to be a pilot without experience) and did whatever (s)he could to prevent the ship from going off course. After all, (s)he is answerable to the authorities and his/her future is at stake. Answers will come from analysis of the black box and interviews with the crew as well as the videos of the ship and everything we have seen on the internet. Until then, I have to consider that it's an accident. There may be events or actions that led to the accident but this is not the forum to lay blame. That will be up to the NTSB (or maritime equivalent).

Dropping the anchors would hardly have had any effect on the speed of that large a ship at that speed. It would probably have taken dragging the anchors for miles to bring it to a stop. Anchors are not for stopping ships/boats, they are for place holding when still.

Once while fishing with an uncle the anchor on our 16' John Boat running at slow with an electric trolling motor fell in shallow water, snagged in the mud and spun the boat around so we were going backward from the momentum even with the motor still going in forward. That little John Boat with two adult size men and load of fishing gear kept going until we were had gone 3-4 boat lengths and finally stopped when we came up against a 4' thick tree trunk with the motor hung up in flooded bushes several feet from the tree and dragging the bushes.