Shutterbug1697 Loc: Northeast

What part of the original story did you not comprehend?

The radio talk show host who recently died from Covid used to celebrate deaths from HIV/AIDS.

dirtpusher Loc: tulsa oklahoma

So you believe in fantasies

Kraken Loc: Barry's Bay

Rac usually makes them up himself.

Shutterbug1697 Loc: Northeast

The minority don't get to decide what's best for the majority.

At this point, the anti-vaxers are definitely in the minority.

The majority would like to get back to a more normal way of life, BUT the anti-vaxers are preventing that from happening.

Is it time to isolate the minority, just as the anti-vaxers first tried to do to the most vulnerable at the beginning of the Pandemic so that they could go about without any restrictions?

dirtpusher Loc: tulsa oklahoma

Yup he getting more freqiently with them

Racmanaz Loc: Sunny Tucson!

Prove your false assertion or you will be known as a liar.

Kraken Loc: Barry's Bay

Do you mean like you?

Racmanaz Loc: Sunny Tucson!

There ya go, you are a proven liar just like Dirtpushover.

cwp3420

Thanks F.B.

Wyantry Loc: SW Colorado

I certainly would not go anywhere near your nether regions, anterior or posterior. Although it appears one would have to bend over to maintain eye-contact as your cranium appears well emplaced in those previously mentioned nether-regions.

It would appear your education has been neglected in regards to the process for vaccine approval. Following animal studies, there is also a series of tests (trials) conducted with required proof-of-effect as well as proof of a lack-of-harm.

Development of a vaccine is a complex process, and may be found at:
https://www.ifpma.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/IFPMA-ComplexJourney-2019_FINAL.pdf

A summary of some of the process is here:

“The development cycle of a vaccine, from lab to clinic.

PRECLINICAL TESTING: Animal testing Scientists test a new vaccine on cells and then give it to animals such as mice or monkeys to see if it produces an immune response.

PHASE 1 — SAFETY TRIALS: Scientists give the vaccine to a small number of people to test safety and dosage, as well as to confirm that it stimulates the immune system.

PHASE 2 — EXPANDED TRIALS: Scientists give the vaccine to hundreds of people split into groups, such as children and the elderly, to see if the vaccine acts differently in them. These trials further test the vaccine’s safety.

PHASE 3 — EFFICACY TRIALS: Scientists give the vaccine to thousands of people and wait to see how many become infected, compared with volunteers who received a placebo. These trials can determine if the vaccine protects against the coronavirus, measuring what’s known as the efficacy rate. Phase 3 trials are also large enough to reveal evidence of relatively rare side effects.

EARLY OR LIMITED APPROVAL: Many countries have procedures for providing emergency authorizations for vaccines, based on preliminary evidence that they are safe and effective. In addition, some countries such as China and Russia began administering vaccines before detailed Phase 3 trial data was made public. Experts have warned of serious risks from jumping ahead of these results.

APPROVAL: Regulators review the complete trial results and plans for a vaccine’s manufacturing, and decide whether to give it full approval.

COMBINED PHASES: One way to accelerate vaccine development is to combine phases. Some vaccines are now in Phase 1/2 trials, for example, which this tracker would count as both Phase 1 and Phase 2.

PAUSED or ABANDONED: If investigators observe worrying symptoms in volunteers, they can pause the trial. After an investigation, the trial may resume or be abandoned.

The TIMING problem you reference was handled by the required trials and acquired data that must be fulfilled prior to approval. There is the possibility that some phases may run concurrently, thereby shortening the development/approval process.

Just because it has not taken years to develop Covid-19 vaccine(s) does NOT mean that the total numbers were somehow less than required for decisions to be made of the effectiveness and risk-potential of the mRNA vaccine. Statistically significant data were obtained and analyzed, and the trials PROCESS was no different than with other vaccines. (The shingles vaccine Shingrex, was developed in an abbreviated timeframe as well. But has not received similar negative comments or right-wing pushback as the Covid vaccines).

To respond to the questions you have raised concerning animal trials, I reference:

The Important Role of Animal Research in mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Development; NIAID Now | August 18, 2021 (https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/role-animal-research-mrna-covid-19-vaccine-development)

“As the global COVID-19 pandemic continues, safe and effective vaccines are playing a pivotal role in preventing severe disease and death and limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The urgency of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid vaccine development and testing. Fortunately, NIAID’s decades-long support and conduct of coronavirus and vaccine research laid the groundwork for helping to develop a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine in record speed.

COVID-19 Animal Models

Animal research plays a key role in developing successful vaccines for humans. Before promising vaccine candidates can be tested in humans, they must first be tested for safety and effectiveness in animals as required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. To do this, scientists first determine whether a vaccine candidate can stimulate an adequate and safe immune response. This important step is often conducted using small and then, potentially, larger animal models of disease. Mice are frequently used because they reproduce rapidly, have a well-characterized immune system and a defined genome. Some labs turned to mouse models of infection early in the COVID-19 pandemic only to find that mice don’t get infected with SARS-CoV-2. In order to infect cells, SARS-CoV-2 must bind to a human protein called ACE2. The human and mouse ACE2 proteins are different, and SARS-CoV-2 does not bind to mouse cells. Scientists overcame this problem by generating mice that can express the human version of ACE2 and can therefore be infected with SARS-CoV-2. When these genetically modified mice are infected by the virus, they lose weight and become sick in ways that are similar to what happens when people are infected with the virus. Mouse models provided vital information about COVID-19 symptoms and its disease course and continues to be used by researchers to understand COVID-19 disease.

Syrian hamsters are another important animal model for COVID-19 because disease in those animals closely resembles the disease in humans. Additionally, older male hamsters develop more severe disease than young female hamsters, which reflects some of the differences seen in humans infected by SARS-CoV-2. Hamster models have contributed to the evaluation of investigational COVID-19 vaccine candidates, immunotherapies, and antiviral drugs.

Vaccine development for COVID-19 also benefitted from nonhuman primate studies. In assessing immunogenicity and protection of vaccines in pre-clinical animal models, nonhuman primates provide several advantages for clinical translation. They are outbred, have greater similarity to humans than rodents in innate immune responses and B- and T-cell repertoires, and allow use of clinically-relevant vaccine doses. Recent studies in nonhuman primates show that SARS-CoV-2 targets similar replication sites and recapitulates some aspects of COVID-19 disease. Nonhuman primates are used during the later stages of vaccine development and typically build upon the knowledge accumulated in earlier small animal studies.

A New Type of Vaccine

The biopharmaceutical companies Moderna, Inc., based in Cambridge, Mass., and Pfizer, Inc., based in New York City, developed a new type of nucleic acid vaccine called an mRNA vaccine that when tested in clinical trials, proved to be more than 90 percent effective at preventing COVID-19. Animal studies contributed to the scientific understanding of how these new types of mRNA vaccines work. For example, when the 2016 Zika virus outbreak occurred, researchers developed a nucleic acid vaccine that protected against Zika virus infection in mice and nonhuman primates.

The Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines use the nucleic acid, messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce the viral spike protein found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. Because mRNA is unstable, it is enclosed in lipid nanoparticles to prevent it from degrading following injection. Cells then produce the viral spike protein and display it on their surfaces. In this form, the viral spike protein is recognized by the body and triggers an immune response. This response includes the production of antiviral antibodies and T- cell responses that allow the body to remember how to fight off SARS-CoV-2 if infected in the future.

Preclinical data with Moderna’s mRNA vaccine produced promising results in animal models. Mouse experiments demonstrated that a low dose of the vaccine induced a robust neutralizing antibody response and a high-level protection against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, vaccination of nonhuman primates with the mRNA vaccine induced robust SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity and notably, rapid protection in the upper and lower airways, similar to safety and immunogenicity results subsequently observed in a phase I human clinical study.

Looking to the Future

Biomedical studies involving animal models have greatly contributed to the public health response to SARS-CoV-2 by assisting in the development of COVID-19 vaccines and treatments. Animal studies will continue to provide vital information as new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerge and new questions arise as to the transmissibility of these variants, whether they are more harmful to people, and if they remain sensitive to available vaccines. Animal models play a critical role in pandemic response efforts as they are necessary for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of new vaccines and therapeutics. Scientists will continue building on the lessons learned from COVID to develop animal models as part of our pandemic preparedness efforts to target other emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases.” (emphasis added — wyantry)


And as far as your allegation: “You believe in the almighty State to take care of you, and you will allow them to inject something into your body without knowing the long term ramifications of it.”, actually I am about as far removed from that model as possible (although NOT to the “Proud Boyz” stage).
The mRNA process has been studied for [u]decades(/u], and thoroughly assessed as effective in animal studies (various species). Declaring it is somehow “new” is just factually not true. There has been a lot of nonsense put out about the supposed long-term effects being related to alteration of recipients DNA or RNA. This is a biologic IMPOSSIBILITY, and has been proven as such.

Wyantry Loc: SW Colorado

Racmanaz wrote:
I remember them saying something about Darwin's process is working.



WHAT? . . . WAIT! . . . Now DARWIN is a fantasy? . . . Or his theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?

Natural Selection (AKA Evolution) has been going on for billions of years!

Deciding to risk personal extinction IS a form of “Darwinian Extinction” — Especially when a potential PROVEN relief method is available.

dirtpusher Loc: tulsa oklahoma

An you try convince you a Christian sorry can't have it bothways

Racmanaz Loc: Sunny Tucson!

Wait, a Christian can't believe in God and evolution? Lol

dirtpusher Loc: tulsa oklahoma

Sorry nope sorry unless it manmade

Racmanaz Loc: Sunny Tucson!

You make no sense at all.