kymarto wrote:
Adding a glass element (which is a single element) creates a very noticeable loss of sharpness and adds quite a lot of CA. Definitely not recommendable.
That's true, particularly with the low quality optics used in cheaper adapters. Canon briefly made an FD to EF adapter, with high quality optics that worked well. But they're very rare and typically cost upwards of $1000 and act like a 1.26X teleconverter too. Of course, an FD to EF adapter doesn't help at all with Minolta MD mount lenses.
Some adapters are designed with removable optical elements. Others have it more permanently installed, but a hammer and a punch might make quick work of the glass. With the optics removed, the lens image quality won't be effected. Without the optics it won't be able to focus to infinity, but is usable at closer distances (varies, depending upon the lens).
Because the Minolta MD flange-to-film distance (43.5mm) is only .5mm less than the Canon EF flange-to-film distance (44mm), so long as it's not too thick, an adapter might have minimal effect on focusing.
For close-ups and macro like the above example, no optical elements are needed in the lens. In fact, an MD mount lens adapted to EF (or Nikon F-mount for that matter), will be able to focus even closer and render higher magnification than it could normally. Adapting the lens glasslessly
improves a lens' close focus, at the same time it
worsens its distant focus ability. Only infinity focus is negatively effected.
Here's a website with information about adapting lenses to use on EOS EF mount cameras.
http://www.bobatkins.com/photography/eosfaq/manual_focus_EOS.html In particular, take note of the "chipped" adapters. Those can be helpful with vintage lenses because they allow Focus Confirmation to assist you with manual focus. Otherwise, modern DSLRs don't have much in the way of manual focus assist features.... they lack the split image rangefinders, ground glass and micro-diaprisms that older cameras had for that purpose.
Modern DSLR viewfinders also tend to be smaller and dimmer, which doesn't help manual focus, either. When time allows, composing and focusing with Live View, which allows you to magnify, might be helpful.
EDIT:
To be brutally honest.... most Sears and Kmart lenses were cheap, lower quality zooms. They weren't all that great with film and may be even worse if used on a high resolution full frame or, especially, crop sensor DSLR. High rez and croppers "magnify" any short comings of a lens. A Minolta Rokkor prime such as was used above is in a different class... especially a fully refined design like the "normal" lenses that had been "in development" by every manufacturer since the 1930s. Sears and Kmart lenses are undoubtedly "outsourced"... bought from some manufacturer and relabeled. Neither Sears nor Kmart actually made any lenses... they just bought them from the "lowest bidder".
Without knowing
exactly what lenses we're talking about here, it's hard to say... there were a few gems hiding among third party, outsourced lenses.
Some lenses have interchangeable mounts. In the case of Sears and Kmart lenses, those would most likely be "T-mount", which was an open system used by many different manufacturers. Look closely to see if the base of the lens, approx. the last 3/4 inch of the barrel and the bayonet mount itself, appears to be removable.
IF the lens is a T-mount, there are EOS/EF T-mounts available, in which case simply buying one of those and replacing the MD T-mount would be much better than using an adapter. It might have three or four set screws around the perimeter (technically a "T2-mount"), which can be loosened to be able to rotate the lens to align the markings properly.
Information about T-mounts here:
http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/T_mountTamron later produced a series of Adaptall manual focus lenses, some of which are very high quality (especially their SP "professional" line). This is another popular interchangeable mount, though it was patented and exclusively used on Tamron lenses.
Adaptall are being made today for Canon EOS/EF mount, too. And, again, if you happen to have one of these lenses, just changing the mount would be much better than using an adapter on it. Info on Adaptall lenses here:
http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/TamronBTW, the "T" in T-mount stands for "Taisei" Kogaku, which later became Tamron. They invented both T-mounts and the Adaptall system, as well as briefly made an Adapt-a-matic lens system... Even had a hand in the T4 and Sigma YS mount, which are variants of T-mounts. The difference is that T-mounts (incl. T2) deliberately weren't patented, so all manufacturers who wished to do so could use the system. As noted above, Adaptall was a Tamron exclusive which they patented.