I would be more interested in the optical quality of that filter rather than its plasticity.

As to lenses, there is an awful lot that can go wrong. I've had a couple seriously damaged from drops of about shoulder height. You will get a few horror stories here i'm sure.

Now, as to unseen lurking damage. Much depends on the quality and robustness of the construction. And it is not automatic that metal is better than plastics. My impression is that the low cost kit style lenses have a high chance of becoming disposable after even a waist high drop. The smooth camming actions internally depend on close tolerances. Focus/zoom rings often turn much more stiffly. Glass elements need to be carefully aligned. Drops can lead to decentering and other issues. Autofocus and IS/VR elements will be specially at risk.

I suggest that any lens surviving a scary drop be checked out by your local repair shop, who are particularly skilled at evaluating such results.