billnikon wrote:
1. Always have a shutter speed equal to the length of your lens. ie. if you have a 100 mm lens, your MINIMUM shutter speed should be 1/100 sec.
2. You should stop your lens down 2-3 stops for MAXIMUM overall sharpness. ie. if you have a 2.8 lens, stop down to 5.6 or f8.
3. Take a breath in, as you release it, slowly press the shutter button.
4. Hold your lenses just behind the lens hood for maximum steadiness.
5. Always use a lens hood. Avoid clear filters, you do not need them. Let the lens hood protect your lens.
6. When possible, shoot with the sun behind you for landscapes. Shoot between 10 am and 2 pm, that's when the color temp. is close to perfect.
7. Stand with your legs slightly apart, have your elbows touch your chest, and breath out, and slowly press the shutter button, don't stab at it.
8. Always be in a learning mode, find the shots you like, study the rules of composition, practice, practice, practice.
9. A virtuoso does not become excellent by practicing once a week.
Good luck and keep on shooting until the end.
1. Always have a shutter speed equal to the length... (
show quote)
Nice rules of thumbs but not completely accurate in all situations.
Here's my take:
1. Reciprocal of shutter speed does not take into full consideration image magnification. A 100mm macro lens at or near 1:1 is hard to hold steady at less than 1/500 sec. A 600mm lens has the same problem at a distance of 15 ft. Optical stabilization is a game changer - I've shot a subject at around 20 ft with a stabilized 600mm lens at 1/25 sec (see below) and the image is perfectly sharp and crisp.
2. Some lenses do better stopped down 2-3 stops. Longer lenses - pretty much any prime over 300mm do not necessarily do better when you stop down, and some do worse. Such was the case with my 600mmF4 - the sharpest aperture was F4, F5.6 was still excellent, but F8 started to show a bit of softness. The moral here is test your gear.
3. As in shooting a long gun, breathe normally and press the shutter at the end of an exhale not as you release your breath.
4. Another hack from shooting rifles - stand with your feet shoulder distance apart, left shoulder leading, pointed at the subject, left elbow tucked against the ribs, camera should be lightly pressed against forehead for additional stability.
5. Lens hood does not usually contribute to sharpness, unless there are sun rays falling on it. But they do help in some situations. Keeping the front and rear elements clean also help tremendously to reduce flare. The jury is out on front filters - an optically good filter will not have an impact on image quality, but a crappy one will.
6. Sun position is not relevant to taking good landscapes. But if you do shoot between 10 am and 2 pm, the sun will be mostly overhead, in which case a circular polarizer would be of immense value.
7. Good advice
8. Good advice.
9. Good advice.
10. Try and shoot at the exposure (shutter and aperture) combination that can give you the lowest ISO and still avoid camera movement. Higher ISOs can get noisy and rob image sharpness and detail capture.
11. Take multiple images - in a set of 5, one will often stand out as the best of the bunch. If you have the time, experiment with different settings.
12. Avoid coffee, soft drinks, tea, energy drinks or any other stimulant that will "charge up" your nervous system.
13. Test your gear with a static subject to ensure that the camera is focusing correctly. Test with the viewfinder and with live view - if live view is always sharper, then have the camera and lens checked.
14. With some subjects, a little motion blur helps to better tell the story - an example is a car at a race track - panning the car as it moves across in front of the camera using a slower shutter speed will blur the background and the spinning wheels, while keeping the car crisp and sharp, emphasizing the perception of speed. Another example is shooting propeller driven planes or helicopters - images when the propellers are frozen do not look as nice as those where the props are blurry, yet discernible.
15. Use a good solid tripod whenever practical/possible. A poor tripod will usually make matters worse.
16. Shoot raw files - the opportunities to enhance sharpness and detail are far better than when the camera produces a jpeg. And you can adjust local sharpness and contrast (some areas and not others) to visually and perceptually separate the subject from the background, if it is that type of a shot.