I don't see where my "numbers" are incorrect in that I did not quote any exact numbers for the V860II unit- I simply estimated it's watt -second "input to the flash tube" based on experience with many of theses kinds of units- I don't know of any one-piece, shoe mounted unit of that size and configuration that exceeds 100 watt-seconds- most of them are in the area of 80w-s.
If you read carefully into the article in your link, you shoud realize that there is not necessarily a direct correlation between watt-seconds and the actual practical light output of any electronic flash unit or even its published guide number. Watt-second are an electrical values based on voltage and capacitance. The REAL output should be expressed in E.C.P.S. that is, Effective Candle Power Seconds- this value takes into consideration the EFFECTIVE power based its reflector efficiency design, and type, and relationship to the location of the flashtube in the reflector and any lens or difusser that is permanently attached to the front or the reflector or reflector housing. Oftentimes the value is expressed in B.C.P.S. which stands for Beam Candle Power Seconds along with an angle of coverage expressed in degrees. This rating is more specific as to the coverage of the given unit.
Most of the manufacturers "speedlights" and even some of the larger studio units no longer issue E.C.P.S. pr B.C.P.S specification for their units. There is a mathematical formula to establish a starting point guide number IF you know the E.C.P.S. value of the unit: It's the SQUARE ROOT of E.C.P.S x .063 x the ISO. Published guide number may be based on this formula, however, they are often exaggerated or "tested" under fixed conditions which may not necessarily match those of each photographer's working conditions so individual testing is required to establish a REAL guide number for each unit under each photographer's working conditions.
Since, nowadays, most "speedlight" type units are used in TTL or auto-flash operation, to many photographers all theses values are moot. Only those you operate the flash gear in manual mode need to be concerned with most of this data.
Now- Even of all of the above data is ascertained and a accurate guide number is established, all bets are off as soon as the reflector is changed or any ligh modifier is employed. Of course, bare bulb operation negates any influence that the reflector has over actual effective output.
More about "speedlights"- In the link refereed to the author made reference to a parabolic reflector. Theses kinds of reflectors were commonplace in many professional grade portable flash units. Theses types of units are still made by Lumadyne, Norman, Q-flash and a few of the latest imported varieties. They consist of a user changeable helical coiled flash tube enclosed in a glass envelope and a matte, spun aluminum or pebble surfaced metallic reflector. The ligh quality is generally softer and even with this configuration when compared to that of "speedlights". Because the light is not concentrated, the higher E.C.P.S. values and guide numbers are achieved through higher watt-second power- theses units can go from 100 to 4000 watt-seconds. Most "speedlights" employ smaller linear flash tubes in highly polished metallic or mirror-like plastic reflectors- some use a plastic difusser to slightly soften or spread the light.- their higher guide numbers are achieved by a more concentrated reflector design, however, the quality of light tends to be harder that units with parabolic reflectors.
My estimated differential in actual exposure differential is based on a generality. In most flash units with their supplied tube and reflector in place, a 100% increase or decrease in watt-second input usually accounts for one f/stop- give or take. Of course any mono-ligh or studio flash unit or system with a specified guide number, again, that number may be moot, in that most of theses units are used in conjunction with modifiers such as soft boxes or umbrellas.
In this thread, the OP was seeking advice on the selection among 3 differet flash units- 2 basic "speedlight" types and one mono-light. I simply supplied him with a basic overview of the situation based on the type of work he indicated. He seem quite satisfied with this Godox unit so I found no reason to recommend any othere brand or source of supply.
I use electronic flash gear in by business, in-studio and on location just about every day. At one time I operated a side business that specialized in electronic flash custom builds and modifications. I am very well versed in many of the older time-honored brands- I know them well and have taken them apart and put the back together. I am not as familiar with many of the relatively newer imported brands. Some of the made in China units went through a period of growing pains and quality control issues but are now improved and have become more mainstream among professionals and advanced users. I can not opine on every unit that comes up in conversation but I can offer reasonable general advice based on the experience of others whom I know and my observations of the basic configurations of the current gear. I always advise photographers to arrange to test flash gear, whenever possible, before making major purchases and then to perform their own tests to establish their own personalized exposure methodologies.
I have no interest, reason or pleasure in misleading anyone.