boncarbo42 wrote:
Newbie just getting started late and saying thanks to the members and their educating posts. I am wanting to add final (my wife's hope) lens to my batch and wanting a dedicated macro to use on a Nikon D600 or D500. Considering a refurbished Nikon 200/f4 thru B&H. Have not done macro previously so welcome any suggestions of that vs the Nikon 105mm. Thinking the distance from lens to subject is important. Appreciate any thoughts
200mm is a fairly specialized type of macro lens. 105mm is more of a "general purpose" focal length macro on both FX and DX cameras.
I use Canon gear, but similar focal lengths. My macro and near macro lenses include:
45mm Tilt-Shift (used mostly indoors for small product photography)
60mm Tamron SP (crop only, approx. 9 inch min. focus distance at 1:1)
65mm (specialized ultra high magnification lens, up to 5:1... minimum 1:1)
90mm Tamron SP (vintage, manual focus/manual aperture)
100mm Canon (most used general purpose, approx. 12 inch min. focus at 1:1)
180mm Canon (far less frequently used, approx. 18 inch min. focus at 1:1)
90, 100, 105mm is what I recommend for a general purpose or a first and only macro lens... it's a reasonable compromise of working distance, size and ability to hand hold it.
While I use a tripod or monopod a lot for macro work... the longer focal lengths 150, 180 and 200mm pretty much require it. I mostly just hand hold the 60, 90 or 100mm. The other lenses are pretty much tripod only (the 45mm for the type of subjects... the 65mm requires a tripod due to the ultra high magnification... the 180mm is pretty difficult to hold steady).
Extra long macro also render very shallow depth of field, so you are more likely to need to stop them down to smaller apertures, which in turn will require slower shutter speeds (and/or higher ISOs). This makes them even more likely to need to be used on a tripod.
Here's an example shot with the 180mm
without a tripod. However, the camera and lens were sitting directly on the ground instead. Note the extremely shallow plane of focus/depth of field:
This tarantula "portrait" was also shot with the 180mm, on a monopod...
These were all shot hand held with 90mm or 100mm...
These were also done with the 100mm, although this time I supported the camera and lens on an upside down 5 gallon paint bucket (but only because I was holding a flash in my left hand)...
NOTE: When comparing the specifications of macro lenses, in particular, be aware of the difference between "minimum focus distance" (MFD) and "working distance". Usually you'll only find reference to MFD, which is measured from the subject to the camera's film/sensor plane... But some of the stated MFD is occupied by part of the camera, the lens itself and anything you have mounted on the front of the lens (i.e., lens hood, ring flash, filters, etc.) Working distance is what remains after you deduct all that... the distance between the subject and the very front of the lens and/or it's attachments.
My Tamron 60mm, Canon 100mm and Canon 180mm lenses are all "Internal Focusing". As Scott states, this design doesn't grow longer when focused closer... However, IF macro lenses do change their effective focal length. I have no way of measuring that, but have read and heard that the IF Canon 100mm is actually more of a 70mm when it's set to it's max magnification. I'd also note that set at infinity, non-IF lenses are often more compact than the same focal length IF lens. But by the time the non-IF lens extends fully to it's max magnification, it may actually be longer than the IF lens.
My Canon 65mm and Tamron 90mm are non-IF lenses and they roughly double in length when focused to their max magnifications. With the 65mm, maybe even more (it's a pretty extreme lens... at 5:1 subjects are only about an inch from the front element). Oh, also my vintage 90mm Tamron is only able to do 1:2 on it's own... I added a 20 or 25mm macro extension tube behind it to take the shot of the bee on the orange poppy above. Modern Tamron autofocus 90mm are able to do full 1:1 without any added extension. Tamron makes two models of those: A cheaper one without VC is non-IF and slower autofocusing "micro motor". The more expensive one has VC, is IF and uses faster USD focus drive.
The Tokina 100mm Macro is one of the lowest priced and a good value. An important consideration with it for Nikon shooters is that it's a "D type" lens... no focus motor in the lens itself. So it's only able to autofocus on Nikon bodies with their own focusing motor ("screw drive", it's sometimes called). I think both the original poster's cameras (D600 and D500?) have that, so no concern. But anyone using D3000-series or D5000-series Nikon, for example, will find the Tokina AT-X 100mm is manual focus only on their cameras. It's also a non-IF lens... so extends quite a bit when focused to it's MFD.