Shel wrote:
You must have registered your copyright to file suit against an infringer. Filing with the Copyright Office is $130 but the procedure is very straight forward. In my opinion, for most people, there is no need for a lawyer to assist in this process. Now retired but I have handled copyright infringement cases in the Federal courts of numerous states, so I not anti-lawyer. To avoid filing for each photograph, I have filed for copyright protection on a collection of photos. This protects each photo and well as the compilation.
b You must have registered your copyright to file... (
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Right and wrong.
"Wrong" because you CAN file suit against someone for infringement, even if your copyright hasn't been registered.
However, "right" because you have much more clout in a lawsuit if you have registered the copyright.
Unregistered images you can only sue for "market value" of the infringing usage. For example, if someone publishes your image without your permission and the standard fee would be $75 for that usage, that's what you can charge them (roughly, since this varies you might mark it up a bit). You also can only file a suit of this type in small claims court, where you cannot utilize an attorney to represent you. You are free to seek legal advice, but doing so will be at your expense. You cannot recover legal fees and court costs. Because of the small sums involved, most intellectual property attorneys will not take on a case involving unregistered work. So, in other words, it's hardly worth pursuing an infringement suit on an unregistered image... unless the infringing usage has been something that would normally generate a very large fee. For example, i know a photographer who was paid $20,000 for use of one of his images in a worldwide marketing campaign.
On the other hand, if an image has been properly registered, you can sue in federal court for those same usage fees, plus penalties, plus to recover all your legal and court expenses. This can add up to quite a sum. For example, one penalty the court can levy on the infringing party is "removal of a copyright protection", such as removing a watermark or deleting EXIF metadata containing ownership info. This penalty alone can be as much as $30,000 per instance, at the court's discretion. With a registered image you're also much more likely to be able to enlist an intellectual property attorney to work on your behalf and represent you, often on a contingency basis where they will share in any awards that are the result of your lawsuit.
Registration really isn't all that big a deal or expensive. The most important rule might be that in order to be entitled to full protection, you must register your copyright ownership within 90 days of "first publication". (I'm not sure if the OP's usage would entail 1st publication or not.)
As noted, for that fee of $130, you can register a very large number of images. Basically, as many as you can fit in thumbnail size on a DVD.. probably thousands. (Check online if handling the registration that way, not sure what the current number of images might be. See the U.S. Copyright Office website for additional info.... Or consult an intellectual property rights attorney... I am not an attorney, just a photorapher.)
As to your use of the images... Are those "greeting cards" you'll be offering? If so, you might "sign" the image in the corner unobtrusively. That serves as a copyright protection without being obnoxious like a watermark. You also should imprint copyright info in more detail on the back of the card itself. A label may work, too... but might be too easily removed. Will this prevent someone from using it without your permission? No. But it can give you some recourse if they do.... especially if you've properly registered your copyright.