I recently had an opportunity to shoot a landmark theatre. I arrived early and got my outside shots just fine and then went inside for the tour. I brought my external flash along "just in case" but it turns out it's a good thing I did. Inside, the old theatre was very poorly lit. I put on my flash and set my programing to "P". In post processing I found that some shots were very dark and needed about 3,4 or 5 stops of exposure added. So, my question is: what could I have done better? Should I have gone to "A" priority and cranked up the ISO? As a beginner I know I need to spend some serious time on low-light shooting situations, but any words of advice to get me started would be appreciated. I shoot Nikon D5200, Sigma 18-250mm, and SB-700.
A good tripod' "A" priority Is correct, F11, ISO 1600 and a long exposure. 15 to 30 seconds. There are some good videos for low light shooting on Youtube.
Yes, increase the ISO and / or increase the flash conpensation.
A theater is a large area to light with just one speedlight. I would bump up the ISO as far as you dare and see if the speedlight could handle it. The best situation would be to use a tripod and do some long exposures. I assume you were using the largest aperture you lens could afford, (smallest number)
Ideally you would use a tripod with such low light, but on a tour that would not be possible. Another alternative is to use a faster lens like a 35mm f1.8G. The last choice is to raise the iso until you get a high enough shutter speed. Your 18-250 OS HSM is stabilized so you can shoot at slow shutter speeds. Your lens is f/3.5 at 18mm but drops to f/6.3 at 250mm, so shoot at the faster wider settings.
My guess is your subject to camera distance was beyond your flash coverage range. Not knowing your specific flash unit, can't say exact range, likely ~12 feet ?
If you can't use a tripod, and a slow shutter speed is required, perhaps a bean bag can be used instead. A piece of Styrofoam could be cut to fit over a seat back and the bean bag placed on it.
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