Likely a combination of both...but I would say that on average their refineries are older tech and they are not as worried about pollution or environmental impacts. Even when they build new refining capacity, they don't spend on the tech for cleaner refining.

For example, oil sands product is loaded with sulfur and tars called bitumen. We have a few refineries left that can process the bitumen, but it is a dirty process. So, most gets exported to India and China who don't seem to mind the messiness. The product from the fields is so thick and viscous that we have to thin it down with synth oil to get it to flow through pipelines.

I don't know what percentage of our exports is bitumen oil...it is likely not huge...but it is one of several examples of North American and USA produced crude that we simply have to export as we lack capacity to process it.

Amazon should send you a thank you prize...I will be ordering a copy tonite!

The Jones Act (1920) does still reportedly make Texas shipping costs to the Northeast significantly higher. I am no expert on that dynamic as the company I have been involved in doesn't face that kind of shipping cost burden. Virtually all our production is transported via pipeline to gulf coast refineries and storage tank farms.

That does not clear up your question, but it is a bit outside my wheelhouse.

The assets I am involved in are all in the Eagle Ford Shale play. We get premium pricing as compared to West Texas Crude. The shale play oil is light and sweet.

I have known of the Hamm book but never read it. As I recall he was a pioneer in horizontal drilling and that is all we do.

A significant portion of USA production is a grade of oil less than ideally suited for our refineries. We sell that to countries whose refining infrastructure is better suited and we buy back grades of oil better suited for our infrastructure.

It happened...its posted...you are too irrelevant for me to show everyone again as they can see it for themselves.

So much for your personal standards and integrity.

Looks like he has at least lied about his own contacts with Hunter's business relationships.

His comments have evolved as more facts came to light. I have never discussed my son's business deals and have never met with any of the parties...I've never been involved in Hunter's deals...to, I've never been in business with Hunter. Oh, and all that contacts with his associates that I said did not happen...well when they did happen we just talked about the weather around twenty times. Looks pretty fishy...

What else could he be telling lies about?

That is a very ironic self-observation as you have fabricated words and put them in my mouth.

I think you qualify for the big "L."

I would imagine if Trump could choose, every moment would be televised.

You know, narcissistic attention seeking and needing behavior. Look at me, I'm on TV and everybody is watching me! I matter!

Combined with a there is no such thing as bad publicity mindset.

LoL

Why would I answer anything you ask when you lie about what I have said.

You have made yourself irrelevant.

Congrats!

You infer entirely too much. Don't put words in my mouth and then criticize your fabrication of words you claim I said.

Go troll someone else.

You are dismissed.

That is a pretty naive observation of what Archer related.

Joe has to quit lying regarding never being involved with Hunter's business relationships...

Joe just talked weather at least 20 times..."c'mon man"...to quote Joe.

Posting links is just a copy and paste.

Copy the link address in the search bar...paste into your post.

I actually have to agree with you.

Sounds to me that Joe was communicating that you should not assume that anyone in government is not corrupt.

Don't assume anything about anyone.

But hey, let the MAGAs have their moment to get all juiced up about nothing burgers.