nikonbug wrote:
Shoot and publish the Eiffel Tower and find out.
During the daytime... no problem.
At night, when it's lit up, it's another matter. The Eiffel Tower's
lighting is copyrighted and protected. The tower itself is not.
https://www.rd.com/advice/travel/eiffel-tower-illegal-photos/ "The tower’s evening light display, installed in 1985 by Pierre Bideau, is technically owned by the artist and protected by copyright."
"Published" also isn't necessarily a problem. Technically, "editorial publication", such as an illustration for a news story, is permissible and a night shot of the tower all lit up wouldn't require a release (although many editors prefer to have photos released, whenever possible). Commercial use and publication is another matter. Whether just posting and sharing on Instagram or YouTube or wherever is "commercial" usage and copyright infringement is a gray area. If they can prove you benefit in some way, you might have problems. Clearly, using the image of the tower at night in an ad, selling the image imprinted on objects or making posters for sale are all commercial uses that could get you in trouble.
A nighttime image of the Eiffel Tower I see being sold on Etsy should have permission! If not, I suspect they think they're skirting copyright infringement by calling it a "fine art" image.... Good luck defending this in court, if it ever comes to that. However, they might only ever see a "cease and desist", and not have any liability so long as they cease selling it... Or, if the seller is in another country where French copyright protections may not be easily applied, they might get away with it for a while. Still, it's copyright infringement! If I were Etsy, I'd think twice about allowing it to be offered on their website, since they might be found to bear some responsibility, too.
The same can be said for some other things, such as corporate logos and symbols.
The "Lone Cypress" tree can be seen and photographed along the 17-Mile Drive between Monterrey and Carmel, California. It's a popular tourist photo spot. But it's image is trademarked as the logo for Pebble Beach and any use of it in commercial manner without permission would be aggressively pursued. Technically, you're on private property too, while on 17-Mile Drive. You have to stop and pay a few $ to drive down that scenic route and past all the estates of famous, rich folk. It's actually a private roadway. (I've paid the toll and driven the 17-Mile Drive with visitors so many times over the years that we started to refer to it as the "340-Mile Drive".)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone_CypressThe same is true of the Disneyland. Notice the logo at the beginning of every Disney movie, the silhouette of the Sleeping Beauty Castle with fireworks. That's a trademark too and protected, as are all Disney characters and everything created by them is copyrighted. If you visit Disneyland and take a photo of the castle for personal use, no problem. The same with the various characters you see there. You could also enter the image into a photo contest without concern. But if you tried to use it in a commercial manner, say imprinted on products you're selling or as part of an advertisement, you should expect the full weight of Disney's legal dept. to come roaring after you!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disneyland