1. Use: Home or portable?
A. For home use, I use the Rosewill RX-358 that comes with an internal fan - you supply the 3.5" drive of choice. For archival storage, like others have said, I use enterprise drives (HDST Ultrastars):
https://www.newegg.com/rosewill-rx-358-u3c-blk/p/N82E16817182247https://www.newegg.com/hgst-hus728t8tale6l4-8tb/p/1Z4-001J-004Z9?Item=9SIA9948WN9223An 8TB ultrastar is approximately 1.6 times the cost of a WD Red Plus 4TB drive. For everyday "stuff", I use the Red Plus's (they use CMR, NOT SMR), so stay away from the "plain" SMR Red's. My understanding is other drive manufactures are also moving to SMR in some of their HDD's, so be cautious.
https://www.servethehome.com/wd-red-smr-vs-cmr-tested-avoid-red-smr/I just provisioned 2 8TB Ultrastars in the RX-358 enclosures - with 24 hours of continuous access, temps never went above 100 degrees (ambient temps 75 - 85).
The advantage of building your own, you can buy an enclosure that has it's own cooling, and you can pick the drive inside.
B. Portable: I use several HGST Touro's 2.5 external drives, unfortunately no longer available. Be careful of certain manufacturers (Toshiba comes to mind) that use NON-standard internal connectors on the 2.5" drives inside (thus, you can't pull the drive to connect with another case or cable in case something goes wrong with the enclosure.)
Non-standard connector in Toshiba
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0UTowCeFLyw"Bare" 2.5" external enclosures are made allowing you to chose the drive inside. The nice thing about these are you can leave them open (top off) to help control heat.
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Regardless of the external drive, I strongly suggest you monitor drive temps (and health). I've used a Windows paid program, Hard Disk Sentinel, for over a decade. The Pro version allows you to set temp thresholds and specify actions when those are reached (audible alarm or even computer shutdown). Nice when you can leave the computer on its own and not have to worry about "cooking" a drive. A MUCH better deal then a single Pro license is the Pro pack for 5 licenses. Even if you don't have 5 computers, a license makes a nice gift to someone. Author is responsive, program is well maintained, and I can verify about the lifetime license (author once helped me when I wanted to move a license from a dead notebook). This is one of those programs I have on every computer.
https://www.hdsentinel.com/store.phpI'm not a shill for hdsentinel - it just works for me. I have a Buffalo external HDD, no ventilation in a plastic case, which would overheat. My solution was to position one of those clip-on desktop fans above it to provide cooling. Sufficient, unless I forgot to turn the fan on. Hard Disk Sentinel's alarm alerted me to my mental failure.
Finally, provision your HDD's before use.
1. LONG format, not Quick
2. Full checkdsk drive_letter /x /v /f /r /b
3. I use another paid program, StableBit Scanner, for another surface check, and to automate periodic surface scans.
https://stablebit.com/ScannerAnother well maintained, author responsive program.