It's time to replace If you should replace it, I'll buy it from you, Mr. Big/Nagy. Well, you asked for "informed ideas" - read on. I sense how serious you are.
Your 2011 machine is so good that Apple later began soldering memory, to keep people from upgrading memory and using these laptops forever. Check with OWC, a Mac vendor, to find out if your serial number can handle 16GB; their information is more authoritative even than Apple's and they are reliable. See comment from burkphoto about specs. Your Mac definitely was designed for 8GB but that is a "design error" because it
can handle 16GB chips not available at time of manufacture. Yours could have been made in 2010 and sold to you in 2011; in this case, not all Macs from 2010 can handle 16GB -- the serial number and an OWC query are your key.
In fairness to you, I'd say go to a shop that works on computers and schedule same-day/overnight metrics and upgrades. Or, with a reservoir of trepidation, go to an Apple store and see if they will do all of the stuff in this post; they are better for peephole fixes. I have nearly fifty years of low-level computer experience including as a cloud architect; I stopped supporting my home equipment about fifteen years ago because I cannot know enough. I am really bent for your sake that you are trying to fix this yourself. There is too much you cannot know unless you work on this stuff daily.
It is cheaper and adequate wrt Creative Cloud to finish modernizing your 2011 and the results will be comparable to getting a new Mac laptop.
I know. Here is why I know.
I just last week upgraded my 2011 Mac laptop with Sierra, 16GB, SSD, internal backup drive (where the DVD sat) and ordered a Thunderbolt dock with (via Thunderbolt) USB 3.x for attaching my D810. At exactly the same time, I got my wife a
NEW highest-end Macbook Pro 15". So far, life is good with our identical 34" curved IPS monitors. My wife is no longer is bedeviled by a Windows laptop and we are both more secure, backed up better, and she slickly picks up finished photo work from from my 2011 laptop. If the 2011 were at its end-of-days, I'd have got one of the new ones coming out in a few days for myself instead of staying with the 2011.
A serious error we make is to want to find the problem. Sometimes, it is not worthwhile and it is
better to preclude the problem.
Some serious possible problem areas you can preclude through modernization -- you may be subject to one or all of these:
-Hard disk thrashing, off and/or on the disk, for any number of reasons; get an SSD
-Minimize use of most internal data paths: push IO through Thunderbolt; get a dock
-Have a service shop check your new 16GB of memory for availability and performance, in case of improper install or defects
-Have a service shop do a clean install onto an SSD, installing from scratch Sierra, tethering software, Adobe stuff, and Office 365; measure, at the service shop, when you bring it in and after all these things have been addressed
-To perfectly save your data when moving to an SSD, put your hard drive where your DVD drive is; don't forget to do a clean install of all software onto the SSD
-Look at your wireless and wired paths; consider an Airport Time Capsule (name??) tower and an external drive to bring in from your office or car once a week and plug into Airport; use cat 6 wiring wherever possible
-Scrap any Fire-wire stuff
-AT&T found four problems Saturday and raised my broadband download by speed over 50% to far above what I pay for; get your Internet provider on-site to analyze your service numbers, replace your aging interface to the street, check the lines to the neighborhood provider box, replace your on-premises gateway with a very very new model, and ensure a match of your backup gateway power to the new gateway (or better yet, ditch the backup power and accept an occasional outage)
-Upon recovering from this situation, consider getting a service contract; I think my two cost $300 or $400 each. This will keep you on schedule
Consider getting a 34" IPS monitor; you cannot be fully at ease about colors with the Mac screen, although the image is great.
Let the service shop do the backup before work begins. They can do this faster, with the drive in their own dock. But, see comment from letmedance.
To recover your schedule, ask your service shop if they will loan you a machine while they have yours.
rjaywallace wrote:
Unfortunately you will discover Sierra is even more problematic than El Capitan. It's time to replace the computer - whether you switch your allegiance is up to you. Sorry, there will be better days.