boberic wrote:
The shorter focal length L Canon lenses are black, while all of the longer lenses are white. Just curious as to why.
The original reason that SOME Canon L-series were painted white was that those lenses used fluorite elements that might be damaged if a lens absorbed too much heat from the sun and the metal components expanded.
Canon makes extensive use of fluorite in their telephotos, where it's very useful minimizing chromatic aberrations and maximizing sharpness. Besides being somewhat fragile and requiring special attention to things like heat expansion, fluorite has traditionally been expensive in sizes large enough to make into lens elements, as well as very difficult to shape into elements. In the 1970s and 1980s Canon pioneered growing their own fluorite crystals to increase availability, reduce costs, and give them greater control over purity. They also developed procedures that reduced loss during element manufacture. Canon has used fluorite extensively in their telephoto lenses... it's currently or recently been used in all but one of their 70-200mm zooms, both versions of their 100-400mm zoom and the 200-400mm f/4 1.4X zoom. It's also used in Canon's 200mm f/2, 300mm f/2.8, 400mm f/2.8, 500mm f/4, 600mm f/4 and 800mm f/5.6 lenses. Canon has been using fluorite extensively for many years and currently has lenses costing as little as $600 that use it.
There are a few Canon L-series painted an off-white color that don't use fluorite: 28-300mm, 70-300mm, 300mm f/4, 400mm f/4 DO. The reason for this is probably marketing... Canon lenses used widely by pros were very apparent at major sporting events, for example. While at first they were painted light tones to protect the fluorite, it probably evolved into more of a marketing decision, to make their lenses stand out in the crowd.
There are many other manufacturers who have produced off-white colored lenses, whether they used fluorite in them or not. Sony has several currently but to the best of my knowledge, they don't use fluorite in any lenses... so they are doing so for other reasons.
Just recently, within the last year or two, Nikon has revised many of their telephotos to incorporate fluorite. Nikkor 70-200mm f/2.8, 180-400mm f/4 1.4E, 400mm f/2.8, 500mm f/4, 600mm f/4 and 800mm f/5.6 lenses using fluorite are all designated "FL". However, Nikon paints their fluorite lenses black, so must have done other things to protect the element in its mounting. Nikkor lenses with fluorite are considerably more expensive than the non-FL versions they replaced. They also are more expensive than comparable Canon lenses.
Incidentally, reportedly Canon's use of fluorite eliminated them from consideration for use by NASA, who were concerned the lens elements may not hold up under the stresses of rocket launches.